那時候聽說的ABA

ABA-based intervention

2011/10/18 17:28

媽媽有疑惑,媽媽聽到了不同的意見有關於ABA (Applied behaviour analysis)-based intervention.
媽媽見過的心理醫生,DAN醫生都跟媽媽提起ABA這個approach.對ASD的小孩有很大幫助,文獻也提過,ABA最有效.可是另一方面有治療師,有你的老師還有些家長跟媽媽分享,ABA不適合太小年紀的孩子,還有ABA在美國已經過時,...
媽媽有點迷惑,到底好還是不好.
的確,媽媽領教過私人政府醫院用的ABA手法.有點驚訝,也有有點懷疑.這樣的ABA??!!怎麼跟媽媽了解的不一樣,是媽媽誤解了,還是那種ABA 是變相的手法.
看來接下來的這幾天媽媽又要用功讀有關資料了.
wiki- Applied behaviour analysis
關注的幾個問題:
source from: Association for Behaviour Analysis International
Are behavior therapists the same as applied behavior analysts?

There are similarities between the two, but the terms are not synonymous. Behavior therapists tend to accept the underlying assumptions of behavior analysis. However, they tend to use Pavlovian procedures and focus on problems involving covert behavior, such as anxiety disorders, depression, and unwanted thoughts and feelings. Applied behavior analysts tend to use procedures based on operant procedures and tend to focus on overt (publicly observable) behavior.

I’ve heard that applied behavior analysts use drugs, psychosurgery, and electro-convulsive shock therapy to change behavior. Is this the case?

Not true. Behavior analysts do not use drugs, psychosurgery, or shock therapy to treat behavior problems. These procedures generally are provided by licensed physicians working in psychiatric hospitals. Training in applied behavior analysis does not include experience in these procedures, and they play no part in applied behavior analysis practice. Some applied behavior analysts work in hospital settings and may work with patients who have received these treatments from a physician, but applied behavior analysts themselves do not participate in these procedures.

But don’t applied behavior analysts use electric shock and other forms of physical punishment?

Throughout his career, Skinner opposed the use of all forms of punishment; he advocated positive ways of changing behavior.

Standards for practice in applied behavior analysis severely restrict the use of electric shock and other forms of physical punishment. For example, it can be used only when other methods have failed, and when the behavior involved is a threat to the safety of the individual or others.
An autistic child who repeatedly hits himself in the eyes with his fists, for example, is likely to cause blindness. If other forms of treatment (e.g., positive reinforcement, extinction) are unsuccessful, the child might be sprayed in the face with a water mister each time he hits himself. This mild form of physical punishment is usually effective in reducing the frequency of self-injurious behavior.
Stronger forms of physical punishment, such as brief and mild electric shock, are seldom used and then only as a last resort with severe behavior disorders that have not responded to gentler procedures.
B. F. Skinner Foundation